A Prior-Location-Free Directional Modulation Scheme Based on Retrodirective Frequency Diverse Array

• Xinsong Dong,
• Qian Cheng,
• Shengquan Li,

Vol. 20, No. 1, January 31, 2026
10.3837/tiis.2026.01.025, Download Paper (Free):

• Retrodirective frequency diverse array
• artificial noise
• directional modulation
• physical layer security
• time division multiplexing.

Abstract

Application of frequency diverse array (FDA) technology makes it possible to achieve range-angle-dimension wireless physical layer secure (PLS) transmissions with prior knowledge of the desired receiver’s direction and distance. However, the transmitter may not be able to acquire this information in many practical cases. In this paper, a retrodirective frequency diverse array (RFDA) is utilized to perform secure directional modulation (DM) transmissions without the above-mentioned prior knowledge. Specifically, an artificial-noise-aided single-beam RFDA-DM scheme and a time-division-multiplexing-aided multi-beam RFDA-DM scheme are proposed. The secrecy rate and the practical delay issues are discussed, respectively. Simulations demonstrate that not only do the proposed RFDA-DM schemes exhibit range-angle dependence, but they are also capable of independent point-to-multi-point wireless PLS transmissions without desired receivers’ prior location information.

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